Types of Meditation -Classification Concentrative Meditation Mindfulness meditation Concentrative meditation focuses the attention on the breath, an image, or a sound (mantra), in order to still the mind and allow a greater awareness and clarity to emerge. This is like a zoom lens in a camera; we narrow our focus to a selected field.The simplest form of concentrative meditation is to sit quietly and focus the attention on the breath. Yoga and meditation practitioners believe that there is a direct correlation between one’s breath and one’s state of the mind. For example, when a person is anxious, frightened, agitated, or distracted, the breath will tend to be shallow, rapid, and uneven. On the other hand, when the mind is calm, focused, and composed, the breath will tend to be slow, deep, and regular. Focusing the mind on the continuous rhythm of inhalation and exhalation provides a natural object of meditation. As you focus your awareness on the breath, your mind becomes absorbed in the rhythm of inhalation and exhalation. As a result, your breathing will become slower and deeper, and the mind becomes more tranquil and aware. Mindfulness meditation , according to Dr. Borysenko, “involves opening the attention to become aware of the continuously passing parade of sensations and feelings, images, thoughts, sounds, smells, and so forth without becoming involved in thinking about them.” The person sits quietly and simply witnesses whatever goes through the mind, not reacting …

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Jon Kabat-Zinn leads a session on Mindfulness at Google.

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The tranquility that comes from moment-to-moment awareness is the theme from the author of the bestselling book, Wherever You Go, There You Are. In “Stress Reduction,” he takes viewers to his Massachusetts Stress Reduction Clinic for demonstrations of sitting, prone, and standing meditation as well as testimonials from stressed-out patients who found some peace through his program. He also takes viewers on a hike through the woods, discusses Henry David Thoreau’s Walden Pond, and quotes James Joyce. He gets a little more down-to-earth with a study the clinic conducted augmenting ultraviolet light therapy with meditation for psoriasis patients. Kabat-Zinn’s manner is soothing, his attitude is one of gentle prodding, and the visuals are beautifully produced, making for a 51-minute chunk of serenity in a hectic world. — Kimberly Heinrichs

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